The 3x3 Matrix (and offsets) can be used to perform color space conversion between RGB and YUV 4:4:4:
Equation 3-7
Equation 3-8
As shown in the matrix operation, the input pixels are transformed to a set of corrected output pixels. This can be a very useful function configured as a static application; however, the programmability of the coefficients and offset values allows this function to adapt to changing lighting conditions based on a separate control loop.